| 翻訳と辞書 |
| History of Folkestone ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
History of Folkestone
The History of Folkestone stretches back to prehistoric times, with evidence of human habitation dating to the Mesolithic and Paleolithic ages over 12,000 years ago.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.atownunearthed.co.uk/folkestone-before-1500/1-palaeolithic-and-mesolithic-c-500000-4000-bc/the-palaeolithic-and-mesolithic-periods-overview/ )〕 Its close proximity to the Continent means that it has often been a point of transit for migrating people groups. The area has alternatively been occupied by groups of Britons, Romans and Saxons. During the Iron Age, a large oppidum and quern-stone workshop〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.cka.moon-demon.co.uk/KAR093/KAR093_Querns.htm )〕 were situated on the eastern headlands of the bay. By the Roman era, it had been transformed into a large Roman Villa overlooking the sea.
During the Anglo-Saxon period, Folkestone was part of the Kingdom of Kent. After the Norman Invasion, A Norman knight held the Barony of Folkestone, by which time the settlement had become a fishing village. In the 13th century, it became part of the Cinque Ports, and with it the privileges of a wealthy trading port. At the start of the Tudor period it had become a town in its own right. Wars with France meant that defenses had to be built here; and plans for Folkestone Harbour were made. At the beginning of the eighteenth century the harbour finally became a reality, and Folkestone, like most settlements on the south coast, became involved in smuggling. However, it was the coming of the railways in mid-19th century that proved to be the town’s future: with it came the tourist trade, and the two industries, port and seaside resort, were the making of its prosperity until changes in tourist opportunities in the mid twentieth century brought about its present somewhat depleted fortunes.
==Prehistory==
Folkestone's history has been shaped by its location within the natural landscape. It sits near the North Downs Trackway, which provided a natural track from the narrowest point across the English Channel to the important religious complexes at Avebury and Stonehenge in Wiltshire, where it is known as the Harroway. The entire area around Folkestone sits on a thick band of gault clay overlying the Lower Greensand which forms the underlying structure of southeast Britain.〔 The greensand was laid down during the Lower Cretaceous period, and is rich in ichnofauna. The exposed greensand at Folkestone is a unique feature of the area, and is referred to as the Folkestone Formation or the Folkestone Beds. Unfortunately for historians and archeologists alike, the greensand stone is loose unconsolidated sandstone, and the gault clay is nearly liquid at the point where it meets the greenstone, meaning that significant erosion and possible loss of prehistoric sites may have occurred over the years. It is estimated that the cliffs at Folkestone have eroded around 400 - 500 meters since Roman times, and that cliffs are crumbling at a rate of 6 inches per year.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「History of Folkestone」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|